43. Solution to Chemistry Problem

Product description

• Based on the data on the temperatures of the onset of crystallization of a two-component system:
• construct a phase diagram (melting diagram) of the A - B system;
• mark with points: I - liquid melt containing a % of substance A at temperature T1; II - melt containing a % of substance A, in equilibrium with the crystals of the chemical compound; III - a system consisting of solid substance A, in equilibrium with a melt containing b % of substance A; IV - equilibrium of phases of the same composition; V - equilibrium of three phases;
• determine the composition of a stable chemical compound;
• determine the qualitative and quantitative composition of eutectics;
• plot all types of cooling curves possible for this system, indicate which compositions on the melting diagram these curves correspond to;
• in what phase state are the systems containing c, d, e % of substance A at temperature T1? What will happen to these systems if they are cooled to temperature T2?
• determine the number of phases and the number of conditional thermodynamic degrees of freedom of the system at the eutectic temperature and a molar content of component A of 95 and 5%;
• at what temperature will the melt containing c % of substance A begin to solidify? At what temperature will it solidify completely? What is the composition of the first crystals?
• at what temperature will the system containing d % of substance A begin to melt? At what temperature will it melt completely? What is the composition of the first drops of melt?
• calculate the heats of fusion of substances A and B;
• what component and in what quantity will crystallize from the system if 2 kg of melt containing a % of substance A is cooled from T1 to T2?

Option No.

Systems

Molar content of A, % Crystallization onset temperature, K Molar content. A, % Crystallization onset temperature, K

3 A – KI

B – CdI2

Mole fraction of A, % 0 10 30 45 47 49

Crystallization onset temperature, K 658 643 696 520 470 468

Mole fraction of A, % 53 55 60 65 80 100

Crystallization onset temperature, K 504 515 575 656 833 951

Option No. T1, K a b c d e T2, K

7 723 55 75 10 40 70.5 503

Option No.

Systems

Molar content of A, % Crystallization onset temperature, K Molar content. A, % Temperature

of the onset of crystallization, K

7 A – KI

B – CdI2 0

10

30

45

47

49 658

643

696

520

470

468 53

55

60

65

80

100 504

515

575

656

833

951

Option No. T1, K a b c d e T2, K

7 723 55 75 10 40 70.5 503

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