44. Solution to Chemistry Problem
Seller: Derkach
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Product description
Based on the temperatures at which crystallization begins for a two-component system:
- construct a phase diagram (melting diagram) for system A-B;
- mark with dots: I—liquid melt containing a % of substance A at temperature T1; II—melt containing a % of substance A, in equilibrium with crystals of the chemical compound; III—a system consisting of solid substance A, in equilibrium with a melt containing b % of substance A; IV—equilibrium of phases of the same composition; V—equilibrium of three phases;
- determine the composition of a stable chemical compound;
- determine the qualitative and quantitative compositions of eutectics;
- plot all types of cooling curves possible for a given system, indicate which compositions on the melting diagram these curves correspond to;
- in what phase state are systems containing c, d, e % of substance A at temperature T1? What will happen to these systems if they are cooled to temperature T2?
- Determine the number of phases and the number of conditional thermodynamic degrees of freedom of the system at the eutectic temperature and a molar fraction of component A of 95 and 5%;
- At what temperature will a melt containing c% of substance A begin to solidify? At what temperature will it solidify completely? What is the composition of the first crystals?
- At what temperature will a system containing d% of substance A begin to melt? At what temperature will it melt completely? What is the composition of the first drops of melt?
- Calculate the heats of fusion of substances A and B;
What component and how much of it will crystallize from the system if 2 kg of a melt containing a% of substance A is cooled from T1 to T2? Option No. 4
Systems A – Li2CO3 B – K2CO3
Mole fraction of A, % 0 9 20 33 39.5 44.2
Crystallization onset temperature, K 1133 1055 955 765 773 778
Mole fraction of A, %50 54.5 62 66.6 83.5 100
Crystallization onset temperature, K 788 778 765 798 911 983
Option No. T1, K a b c d e T2, K
4 923 40 75 10 40 86 768
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